✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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Medicine

There are 61 resources that contain the exact keyword: Medicine
id title type
LIT5681SalotHemamaReesAyn Ṣalot baʾǝnta ḥǝmāma rǝʾǝs wa-ʿayn work
ESddm019 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Danderā Dabra Mǝḥrat Mikāʾel, DDM-019 mss
IHA0432 Addis Ababa, IES - Institute of Ethiopian Studies, IES00304 mss
IHA1671 Agaro / Aggārō, Agaro Muḥammad Sayf, AMS00005 mss
RNBefns8 Saint Petersburg, Rossijskaja Nacionalnaja Biblioteka, RNB Ef. n.s. 8 mss
IVorlov10 Saint Petersburg, Institut Vostočnyh Rukopisej Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, IV Orlov 10 mss
ESsdm020 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Soṭā Dabra Salām Qǝddus Mikāʾel, SDM-020 mss
InEtn56274 St Petersburg, Etnografičeskij Muzej Akademii Nauk, InEtn 5627-4 mss
RNBefns6 Saint Petersburg, Rossijskaja Nacionalnaja Biblioteka, RNB Ef. n.s. 6 mss
IHA1662 Agaro / Aggārō, Agaro Šayḫ Kamal, SHK00078 mss
ESssb014 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Bet Ḥāwāryāt, SSB-014 mss
BNFabb142 Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien d'Abbadie 142 mss
BLadd20741 London, British Library, BL Additional 20741 mss
IHA0173 Suuse, Suuse, SSE0019 mss
ESath010 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾArāʿro Takla Hāymānot, ATH-010 mss
IHA0335 Addis Ababa, IES - Institute of Ethiopian Studies, IES00267 mss
ESagm006 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAgamyo Qǝddus Mikāʾel, AGM-006 mss
ESmy015 Gulo Maḵadā, Dabra Māʿṣo Qǝddus Yoḥannǝs, MY-015 mss
IHA1839 Addis Ababa, IES - Institute of Ethiopian Studies, IES02640 mss
ESktm014 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Kadiḥ Dabra Tawāḥǝdo Qǝddǝst Māryām, KTM-014 mss
ESssb015 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Bet Ḥāwāryāt, SSB-015 mss
IHA0635 Limmū Ghannat / Limmu Genet / Suntu, Limmū-Ghannat, LMG00119 mss
ESakm022 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAmbasat Kidāna Mǝḥrat, AKM-022 mss
BLorient828 London, British Library, BL Oriental 828 mss
BLorient829 London, British Library, BL Oriental 829 mss
LIT5136MagicFormula Magic Formula Against Stomachache work
LIT5678CommemorationRoch Commemorative note and hymn for St Roch (Roqo) work
LIT5695MagicPrayer Magic Prayer Against Illnesses and Demons work
LIT5682PrayerEyesPain Prayer against pain in the eyes work
LIT5133MagicFormula Magic Formula Against Stomachache work
LIT5842MedicalAdvice Medical Instructions for Ethiopians work
LIT5780Orationes12 Protective ʾasmāt-prayer work
LIT5135MagicFormula Magic Formula Against Stomachache work
LIT1942Mashaf Maṣḥafa madḫānit work
LIT3150IHA مجموع الفوائد work
LIT3117IHA رسالة الشفاء في دواء الوباء work
LIT2936IHA تذكرة اولي الالباب والجامع للعجب العجاب work
LIT2195IHA خطبة في الإستعداد للموت وما بعده work
LIT2986IHA مجربات في الطب work
LIT3477IHA كتاب الطب النبوي من زاد المعاد في هدي خير العباد work
LIT3406IHA Treatise on the medicinal properties of honey work
LIT2656IHA تسهيل المنافع في الطب والحكمة work
LIT2739IHA فائدة أيات شفاء ست علاج لجميع الأمراض work
LIT3539IHA رحمة في الطب والحكمة work
LIT2730IHA فائدة مسهلات البطن work
LIT1561IHA ايات الشفاء وايات المنجيات work
LIT3864IHA روضة القلوب ونزهة المحب والمحبوب work
LIT2779IHA تنبيه الكبد والمعدة work
LIT3462IHA بغية المحتاج في المجرب من العلاج work
LIT0357IHA حياة الحيوان الكبرى work
LIT3529IHA دواء الكبد work
LIT2985IHA فتح الملك المجيد لنفع العبيد work
LIT2671IHA جواب الكافى لمن سال عن الدواء الشافى work
LIT3409IHA نزهة المبهجة في تشحيذ الاذهان وتعديل الامزجة work
LIT2657IHA طب النبوي work
LIT3407IHA مختصر تذكرالامام السويدي في الطب work
LIT0920IHA قائمة أسماء النباتات work
LIT0294IHA فائدة مما ينفع للبقرة work
LIT7094PrayerDevils Ba-zǝ ʾasmāt sǝddǝdomu la-ʾagānǝnt ... work
LIT7095PrayerColic Ṣalot za-qʷǝrḍat work
LIT7115LanceWounds Ṣalot baʾǝnta kʷināt ... work