✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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Holy Men Potrait

There are 69 resources that contain the exact keyword: AT1041HolyMen
id title type
EMIP00239 Belmont, MA, Alwan Collection, Alwan Codex 29 mss
EMIP02377 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 342 mss
EMIP03245 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner 472 mss
EMIP00170 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 65 mss
EMIP02285 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 279 mss
EMIP00297 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 113 mss
EMIP00283 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 106 mss
EMIP02337 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 305 mss
EMIP02350 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 318 mss
EMIP00271 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 94 mss
EMIP02384 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 349 mss
EMIP00082 Denver, CO, Eliza Bennett Collection, Eliza Codex 41 mss
EMIP02367 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 332 mss
EMIP00167 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 62 mss
EMIP00477 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 175 mss
EMIP00081 Denver, CO, Eliza Bennett Collection, Eliza Codex 40 (Weiner Codex 154) mss
EMIP02356 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 324 mss
EMIP03307 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Westbrook 8 mss
EMIP02373 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 338 mss
EMIP00173 Belmont, MA, Alwan Collection, Alwan Codex 22 mss
EMIP02342 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 310 mss
EMIP00080 Denver, CO, Eliza Bennett Collection, Eliza Codex 39 (Weiner Codex 153) mss
EMIP02264 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 265 mss
EMIP00094 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 10 mss
EMIP00341 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Walter Codex 2 mss
EMIP00390 Alabama, Rudulph Collection, Rudulph Art Scroll 2 mss
EMIP03255 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Antippas 5 mss
EMIP00112 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 21 mss
EMIP00238 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 79 mss
EMIP00154 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 49 mss
EMIP02359 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 327 mss
EMIP00140 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 35 mss
EMIP00478 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 176 mss
EMIP00151 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 46 mss
EMIP00168 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 63 mss
EMIP00338 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 148 mss
EMIP00169 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 64 mss
EMIP02282 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 276 mss
EMIP02351 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 319 mss
EMIP00141 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 36 mss
EMIP03271 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Antippas 21 mss
EMIP02345 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 313 mss
EMIP00150 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 45 mss
EMIP00258 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 81 mss
EMIP00120 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 29 mss
EMIP00178 Belmont, MA, Alwan Collection, Alwan Codex 27 mss
EMIP00162 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 57 mss
EMIP02366 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 331 mss
EMIP00135 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 30 mss
EMIP00333 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 143 mss
FSUor18 Frankfurt, Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, Frankfurt Ms. or. 18 mss
EMIP00184 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 71 mss
EMIP02361 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 329 mss
EMIP02046 Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 097 mss
EMIP02357 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 325 mss
EMIP02380 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 345 mss
EMIP00119 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 28 mss
EMIP00451 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 167 mss
EMIP00009 Williams, OR, Marwick Collection, Marwick Codex 5 mss
EMIP02358 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 326 mss
EMIP00274 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 97 mss
EMIP03247 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner 474 mss
EMIP00148 Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Weiner Codex 43 mss
EMIP00036 Denver, CO, Eliza Bennett Collection, Eliza Codex 11 mss
EMIP01985 Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 036 mss
EMIP00248 Belmont, MA, Alwan Collection, Alwan Codex 38 mss
BLorient639 London, British Library, BL Oriental 639 mss
CIA20024 Chicago, Art Institute of Chicago, AIC 2002.4 mss
BLorient13278 London, British Library, BL Oriental 13278 mss