Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
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You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

Additions Filtered Search

Search in the text of marked terms
Search in the text of the documents or additions
Select manuscript repository
Select main content in the manuscripts
Select main keywords associated with the manuscripts
Select the language of the additions you want to see
Select one or more works referred to in the document or addition
Select one or more interpretation segments
Select one or more persons referred to in the document or addition
Select one or more places referred to in the document or addition

There are 48 entities matching your query.

type: Excerpt
  • BAVet15,a4 |

    በሰአተ፡ ጌና፡ ወበዘካርያስ፡ ወበኤልሳቤጥ፨

  • BAVet22,a1 |

    በእንተ፡ እለ፡ ያበውኡ፡ መባአ፡

    ወከዕበ፡ ናስተበቍዕ፡ ዘኵሎ፡ ይእኅዝ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አብ፡ ለእግዚእ፡ ወመድኃኒነ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ። በእንተ፡ እለ፡ ያበውኡ፡ መባአ፡ ውስተ፡ ቅድስት፡ አሐቲ፡ እንተ፡ ላዕለ፡ ኵሉ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡

    በጊዜ፡ መፍትው፡ ሕፅበተ፡ ዳግም፡ ልደት፡ ክፍል፡ ስርየተ፡ ኀጢኣት፡ ማኅፈደ። ማኅደረ። መንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ረስዮሙ፡ በእግዚእነ፡ ወመድኃኒነ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ። ዘቦቱ፡ ለከ፡ />

  • BAVet67,a3 |
  • BAVet67,a4 |

    ይብል፡ ካህን፡ ሥጋሁ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ወክቡር፡ ማሕየዊ፡ ዘበአማን፡ ዘእግዚእነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ዘይትወሀብ፡ ለስርየተ፡ ኃጢአት፡ ወለሕይወት፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ለእለ፡ ይንሥኡ፡ እምኔሁ፡ ዘበአማን፡ አሜን፨

    ዝንቱ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዘሎቱ፡ ይደሉ፡ ክብር፡ ወስብሐት፡ ወሰጊድ፡ ይእዜኒ፡ ወዘልፈኒ፡ ለዓለመ፡ ዓለም፡ አሜን፨

  • BAVet86,a1 |

    በስመ፡ አብ፡ በደብረ፡ ታቦር፡ ዮም፡ መለኮተ፡ ወልድ፡ አንበልበለ፡ ወበላዕሌሁ፡ መንፈስ፡ ጸለለ፡ አብ፡ እምላእሉ፡ ወኃበ፡ ቃለ፡ ወበእንተ፡ ዝ፡ ነአምን፡ ፫ተ፡ አካለ፡ በኃበ፡ ኅሩያን፡ ሊቃውንት፡ ከመዝ፡ ተብህለ። ስብሐት፡ ለአብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ በል፡ ፫ጊዜ፡ ክርስ፡ ቶስ፡ በምህረቱ፡ ይዘከረነ፡ አመ፡ ዳግም፡ ምጽአቱ፡ ኢያስተ፡ ህፍረነ፡ ለሰብሆተ፡ ስሙ፡ ያንቅሐነ፡ ለዘያብልአነ፡ ዘንተ፡ ሕብስተ፡ ወለዘአስተየነ፡ ዘንተ፡ ጽውአ፡ ወለዘሰርአ፡ ለነ፡ ሲሳየነ፡ ወአራዘነ፡ ወለዘ፡ ተአገለ፡ ለነ፡ ኃጢአተነ፡ በኵሉ፡ ጊዜ፡ ወበኵሉ፡ ሰአት።

  • BAVet93,a1 |
  • BAVet97,a1 |
  • BLadd11621,a1 |
  • BLadd11621,a2 |
  • BLadd16195,a1 |
  • BLadd16195,a2 |
  • BLadd16212,a1 |
  • BLadd24991,a2 |

    ይቤ፡ ማር፡ በርሳ፡ እምጥንተ፡ በዓቶሙ፡ ለእስራኤል፡ በ፸ነፍስ፡ እስከ፡ ፀዓቶሙ፡ ፪፻፲ወ፭ዓመት።

  • BLadd24991,a3 |

    ውሉደ፡ ያፌት፡ ፲ወ፭ነገድ፡ ወመክፈልቶሙ፡ ኮነ፡ ምድረ፡ ፀጋም፡ ወመንፈቀ፡ ምዕራብ፡

  • BLadd24991,a4 |
  • BLorient482,a1 |

    ምድር፡ ቈሪር፡ ወይቡስ፡ ፍጻርሮ፡ ነፋስ፡ በኵለንታሁ፡ ዘውእቱ፡ ውዑይ፡ ወርጡብ፡

  • BLorient508,a3 |

    ወሶበ፡ ፈጸሙ፡ አበው፡ ኤጲስ፡ ቆጶሳት፡ ዘፈቀዱ፡ ባቲ፡ ኵሎ፡ ሥርዓተ፡ ጸሐፉ፡ ዓዲ፡ ሃይማኖተ፡ ርትዕተ፡ ወቅድስተ፡ ወጽድቅተ፡ ወኃብሩ፡ ባቲ፡ ወተሰነዓዉ፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ እሉ፡ እሙንቱ፡ አበው፡ ፫፻፲ወ፰ኤጲስ፡ ቆጶሳት፡ ወለኵሎሙ፡ አስማቲሆሙ፡ ዝውእቱ፡ ሶል፡ ጴጥሮስ፡ ሊቀ፡ ጳጳሳት፡ ዘሮሜ፡ እለ፡ እስክድሮስ፡ ዘግብጽ፡ ወእለ፡ እስክድርያ፡ ወለተባይስ፡

  • BNFabb20,a1 |

    ኆልቆሙ፡ ለእለ፡ ተጋብኡ። ለሕንፃ፡ ማኅፈድ፡ ፸ወ፪፡ መሳፍንት፡ እምደቂቀ፡ ሴም፡ ፳ወ፭ብእሲ፡ ወእሉ፡ ኀደሩ፡ እምአፍራጥስ፡ ወእስከ፡ ሶርያ፡ ወእስከ፡ ጽንፈ፡ ምሥራቅ፡ ወእምኔሆሙ፡ ሶርያውያን፡ ወአእፃዳተ፡ ዘረቢዐ፡ ወደሴተ፡ ወሐራምቃ፡ ከለዳውያን፡ ወእሙንቱ፡ ሰብአ፡ ባቢሎን፡ ፋርስ፡ ወኵራስን፡ ወፌርያ፡ ወስንድ፡ ወህንዳኬ፡ ወየማን፡ ወጣይፍ፡ ወተማማ፡ ወ፪አብሕርት፡ ወዘመደ፡ ዐረብ፡ ወእለ፡ የአምሩ፡ ጽሒፈ፡ ሆኅያት፡ ፳እብራዊ፡ ወሥየናዊ፡ ወፋርሳዊ፡ ወካልዳዊ፡ ወሲኒ፡ ወኃማዚ፡ ወዐረቢ፡ ወሎሙ፡ እምአብሕርት፡ ኤፍራጦስ፡ ወፈለገ፡ በለከ፡

    Die Zahl derer, die für den Bau des Turms versammelt wurden, waren 72 Hauptleute. Unter ihnen waren von den Nachkommen Sems 25 Mann. Diese wohnten vom Euphrat bis Syrien und bis zum östlichen Randbereich. Zu ihnen gehören die Syrer, die Gebiete von Rabiʿa, die Insel Waḥarāmqā, die Chaldäer - das sind die Leute von Babylon, Persien, Khorasan, Feryā, Sind, Indien, Jemen, Ṭayǝf, Tamāmā sowie zwei Meere und die Araber. Diejenigen, die mit Buchstaben zu schreiben wissen, sind acht: Hebräer, Śǝyanāwi, Perser, Inder, Chaldäer, Sini, Ḫāmāzi und Araber. An Gewässern haben sie den Euphrat und den Strom Balaka.

  • BNFet14,a1 |
  • BNFet141,a1 |

  • BNFet141,a3 |

  • BNFet141,a4 |

  • BNFet148,a1 |

  • BNFet18,a1 |
  • BNFet20,a1 |
  • BNFet20,a2 |
  • BNFet50,a10 |

    በስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ መሐሪ፡ ወመስተሣህል፡ ንወጠን፡ ንወጥን፡ በጽሒፈ፡ መጽሐፍ፡ ዘይነግር፡ ኍልቈ፡ ዓመታተ፡ ዓለም፡ ዘአስተጋብአ፡ አብ፡ ክቡር፡ ወትሩፍ፡ ጊዮርጊስ፡ ወልደ፡ ዓሚድ፡ ዘብሔረ፡ ግብጽ፡ ጸሎቱ፡

  • BNFet50,a20 |

  • BNFet50,a31 |

  • BNFet50,a33 |

    ወዝንቱ፡ ነገረ፡ ኩፋሌ፡ መዋዕል፡ ዘ፡ ክፍለታተ፡ እለታት ለሕግ፡ ወለስምእ፡ ዘ፡ ለስርአት ለግብርተ፡ ዓመታት፡ ዘ፡ አመት፡ ፍጹም፡ በዘይከውን ለተሳብዓቶሙ፡ ዘ፡ ለሱባዔ በኢዮቤላቲሆሙ፡ ዘ፡ ሱባዔ፡ ይከውን፡ ፩፡ ዔዮል፡ እምሒ፡ በአመተ፡ ደልቁ፡ ወእመሒ፡ በእለት፡

  • BNFet64,a1 |

  • BerOrOct1270,a3 |
  • DW03,a4 |

    ብፁዕ፡ ብእሲ፡ ዘኢሖረ፡ በምክረ፡ ረሲዓን፨ ወዘኢቆመ፡ ውስተ፡ ፍኖተ፡ ኃጥአን፨ ወዘኢነበረ፡ ውስተ፡ መንበረ፡ መስተሳልቃን፨

  • DW03,a8 |

  • EMIP00125,a1 |
  • EMIP00125,a4 |
  • EMIP00127,a2 |
  • EMIP00127,a3 |
  • EMIP00127,a4 |
  • EMIP00165,a4 |
  • EMIP00172,a4 |
  • EMIP00172,a6 |
  • EMIP00178,a1 |
  • EMIP00178,a5 |
  • LBK002,a1 |
  • MNC002,a3 |

    ቅድሜሁ፡ ቃል፡ ውእቱ፡ ወውእቱ፡ ቃል፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ውእቱ፡ ቃል፡ ሀለወ፡ ወእዚአብሔር፡ ውእቱ፡ ቃል፡ ወከማሁ፡ ቀዳሚሁ፡ እም፡ ቀዲሙ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ውእቱ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ቦቱ፡ ኮነ፡ ዘእንበሌሁሰ፡ አልቦ፡ ዘኮነ፡ ወኢምንትኒ፡

  • MNC002,a5 |

    ወበሳድስ፡ ወርኅ፡ ተፈነወ፡ ገብርኤል፡ መልአክ፡ እምኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ኀበ፡ አሐቲ፡ ሀገር፡ ዘገሊላ፡ እንተ፡ ስማ፡ ናዝሬት፡ ኀበ፡ ድንግል፡ እንተ፡ ተፍኅረት፡ ለብእሲ፡ ዘስሙ፡ ዮሴፍ፡ ዘእምቤተ፡ ዳዊት። ወስማ፡ ለይእቲ፡ ድንግል፡ ማርያም፡ ቦአ፡ መልአክ፡ ኀበሃ፡ ወይቤላ፡ ተፈሥሑ፡ ፍስሕት፡ አምልዕተ፡ ጸጋ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ምስሌኪ፡ ቡርክት፡ አንቲ፡ እምአንስት። ወቡሩክ፡ ፊረ፡ ከርሥኪ።

  • RNBefns14,a1 |